BIOCHEMICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AS MANAGEMENT TOOLS AND BIOMARKERS OF DISEASES DURING THE TRANSITION PERIOD OF DAIRY COWS

BIOMARKERS

Protein Metabolism

• Hematocrit
• Albumin
• Globulin Electrophoresis
• BUN

Ενεργειακό ισοζύγιο

• ΒΗΒΑ
• Glucose
• Cholesterol
• NEFA
• BUN

Liver Function

• AST/ SGOT
• γ-GT
• Triglycerides

Mineral Metabolism

• Calcium
• Inorganic Phosphorus
• Magnesium

OBJECTIVE OF THE CONDUCT

• INDIVIDUAL LEVEL
There is a health problem in the tested animal and is recommended treatment or/and further investigation

• INDIVIDUAL LEVEL
– Control of potential management problems in the Unit Prevention
– Prevention

• SAME SAMPLE ο————–ο DIFFERENT DIAGNOSTIC VALUE

FACTORS AFFECTING THE REFERENCE NUMBERS

• EQUIPMENT
• POPOULATION TARGET
• REAGENTS
• STAFF TRAINING

SAMPLE SIZE

What is the sufficient number of cows from the appropriate vulnerable group ?

PERIOD OF SAMPLE COLLECTION FOR MEASURING NEFA AND BHBA

• LAST WEEK BEFORE EXPECTED BIRTH

• DURING FIRST 2 WEEKS AFTER BIRTH

CONCENTRATIONS THAT ARE RELATED TO HEALTH PROBLEMS AND PRODUCTIVE ABILITY OF DAIRY COWS

• NEFA > 0.4 ΜΜΟL/L FIRST 2 WEEKS BEFORE BIRTH

• 2-4 INCREASED DANGER FOR DISPLACED ABOMASUMS TO THE LEFT
• 1.8 INCREASED CHANCE OF APPEARANCE OF RETAINED PLACENTA
• 2 TIMES INCREASED DANGER FOR REMOVAL BEFORE COMPLETING 60 DAYS IN MILK PRODUCTION AND 1.5 TIMES THROUGHOUT THE PERIOD
• LOSS OF 1.2 KGR OF MILK/DAY THE FIRST 120 DAYS OF MILK PRODUCTION

• ΒΗΒΑ > 1200-1400 μMOL/L IN THE BEGINNING OF MILK PRODUCTION

• 3-8 INCREASED DANGER FOR DISPLACED ABOMASUMS TO THE LEFT
• DECREASED POSSIBILITY OF SUCCESS IN THE FIRST ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION LATION ES
• DECREASED MILK PRODUCTION
• INCREASED DURATION AND SEVERITY IN MASTITIS

TIME OF SAMPLING

• NEFA → Before food intake

• ΘΗΒΑ→ 4-5 hours after food intake

• Ca → 12-24 after birth

• BUN → 3 after intake of high protein food

TIPS

• 50% ΤΟΥ Ca IS CONNECTED WITH ALBUMIN

• SHIPMENT OF SERUM OR HEPARINIZED PLASMA IS RECOMMENDED

• GLUCOSE-DIRECT SEPARATION OF RED GLOBULES FROM SERUM